Проверка TCOscope по эпизодам статьи Варгина и соавторов, «Метеорология и гидрология», 2026, №9, с.110–124, DOI 10.52002/0130-2906-2026-9-110-124.
Все горизонты T+1…T+5 вместе, площадные веса. Меньше — лучше. Каждая строка имеет общую маску для всех пяти прогнозов; маски между приборами могут различаться.
| system | period | source | TCOscope | CAMS | GFS | Persistence | Climatology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| june_peak | OMI | 11.43 | 8.14 | 14.00 | 19.61 | 13.15 | |
| june_peak | OMPS | 12.94 | 9.24 | 14.92 | 20.27 | 14.32 | |
| june_peak | TROPOMI | 8.39 | 10.75 | 11.27 | 16.91 | 9.96 | |
| may_peak | OMI | 20.31 | 10.49 | 24.58 | 33.07 | 42.13 | |
| may_peak | OMPS | 18.99 | 12.65 | 19.89 | 32.59 | 38.78 | |
| may_peak | TROPOMI | 8.39 | 10.16 | 8.19 | 22.58 | 28.15 |
Вывод для этих двух эпизодов: CAMS имеет меньший RMSE относительно OMPS и OMI. У TCOscope меньший RMSE относительно TROPOMI, чем у CAMS; GFS немного точнее TCOscope на майском TROPOMI и уступает на июньском. Относительно OMPS модель в мае завышает ОСО в среднем на 15.9 DU, в июне на 8.7 DU, то есть недооценивает глубину дефицита. Все выводы относятся к двум коротким выбранным эпизодам и не являются доказательством общего превосходства одной системы.
Линии T+3 используют отдельный прогноз для каждого дня. Затенены основные двухдневные окна статьи. Городские спутниковые значения интерполированы с сетки 1.2°; это не наземное измерение в городе.
Прямоугольник — область осреднения статьи. Белый контур 330 DU — иллюстративный уровень по значениям, обсуждаемым авторами, а не универсальное определение мини-дыры.
| region | instrument | station_id | station_name | dates |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| regional_context | Dobson | 226 | Bucharest | 13 |
| regional_context | Dobson | 498 | Kyiv-Goloseyev | 7 |
В узкой области статьи в локальном WOUDC-архиве нет Brewer/Dobson за эти даты. Поэтому независимый наземный score именно этой области отсутствует. В окружающем регионе доступны только Dobson (Киев и Бухарест); Brewer отсутствует. Эти станции приводятся отдельно и не подменяют измерения Москвы.
| period | region | source | qc | system | n_dates | n | rmse | mae | bias | skill_persistence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | CAMS | 1 | 5 | 43.46 | 41.02 | -41.02 | -0.20 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | Climatology | 1 | 5 | 48.79 | 48.79 | -48.79 | -0.35 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | GFS | 1 | 5 | 30.13 | 26.55 | -26.55 | 0.17 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | Persistence | 1 | 5 | 36.21 | 33.70 | -33.70 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | TCOscope | 1 | 5 | 38.12 | 37.05 | -37.05 | -0.05 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | CAMS | 1 | 5 | 43.46 | 41.02 | -41.02 | -0.20 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Climatology | 1 | 5 | 48.79 | 48.79 | -48.79 | -0.35 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | GFS | 1 | 5 | 30.13 | 26.55 | -26.55 | 0.17 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Persistence | 1 | 5 | 36.21 | 33.70 | -33.70 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | TCOscope | 1 | 5 | 38.12 | 37.05 | -37.05 | -0.05 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | CAMS | 1 | 5 | 10.56 | 10.45 | -10.45 | -0.18 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | Climatology | 1 | 5 | 9.40 | 9.40 | 9.40 | -0.05 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | GFS | 1 | 5 | 3.25 | 2.79 | -2.79 | 0.64 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | Persistence | 1 | 5 | 8.93 | 7.54 | 6.34 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | TCOscope | 1 | 5 | 1.61 | 1.21 | -1.16 | 0.82 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | CAMS | 1 | 5 | 10.56 | 10.45 | -10.45 | -0.18 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Climatology | 1 | 5 | 9.40 | 9.40 | 9.40 | -0.05 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | GFS | 1 | 5 | 3.25 | 2.79 | -2.79 | 0.64 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Persistence | 1 | 5 | 8.93 | 7.54 | 6.34 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | TCOscope | 1 | 5 | 1.61 | 1.21 | -1.16 | 0.82 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | all | CAMS | 18 | 100 | 15.09 | 12.00 | -7.68 | 0.22 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | all | Climatology | 18 | 100 | 16.47 | 11.88 | 3.15 | 0.15 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | all | GFS | 18 | 100 | 12.29 | 9.23 | 1.24 | 0.37 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | all | Persistence | 18 | 100 | 19.46 | 15.40 | 8.37 | 0.00 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | all | TCOscope | 18 | 100 | 14.37 | 10.44 | 4.55 | 0.26 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | CAMS | 16 | 90 | 15.57 | 12.48 | -9.37 | 0.13 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Climatology | 16 | 90 | 17.13 | 12.33 | 2.63 | 0.04 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | GFS | 16 | 90 | 11.84 | 8.59 | -0.17 | 0.34 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Persistence | 16 | 90 | 17.82 | 14.20 | 6.38 | 0.00 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | TCOscope | 16 | 90 | 13.30 | 9.25 | 2.70 | 0.25 |
| period | region | source | qc | system | n_dates | rmse | mae | bias | centered_rmse | pearson | anomaly_correlation | skill_persistence | skill_climatology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| may_peak | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 13.05 | 10.78 | -9.95 | 8.45 | -0.66 | -0.66 | 0.45 | 0.15 |
| may_peak | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 15.35 | 14.33 | 14.33 | 5.52 | — | — | 0.36 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 8.02 | 7.45 | 1.92 | 7.78 | -0.65 | -0.65 | 0.66 | 0.48 |
| may_peak | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 23.87 | 21.56 | 20.39 | 12.41 | -0.39 | -0.39 | 0.00 | -0.55 |
| may_peak | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 6.98 | 5.69 | 4.46 | 5.37 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.71 | 0.55 |
| may_peak | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 13.72 | 12.37 | -12.37 | 5.93 | -0.66 | -0.66 | 0.34 | -0.12 |
| may_peak | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 12.22 | 11.91 | 11.91 | 2.77 | — | — | 0.41 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 5.25 | 4.79 | -0.51 | 5.22 | -0.65 | -0.65 | 0.75 | 0.57 |
| may_peak | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 20.84 | 19.08 | 17.97 | 10.56 | -0.39 | -0.39 | 0.00 | -0.71 |
| may_peak | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 3.59 | 3.07 | 2.04 | 2.95 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.83 | 0.71 |
| may_peak | Moscow | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 9.89 | 9.62 | -0.82 | 9.85 | -0.95 | -0.95 | 0.66 | 0.74 |
| may_peak | Moscow | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 37.60 | 37.46 | 37.46 | 3.21 | — | — | -0.29 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Moscow | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 18.09 | 15.23 | 15.23 | 9.76 | -0.52 | -0.52 | 0.38 | 0.52 |
| may_peak | Moscow | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 29.20 | 28.12 | 28.12 | 7.84 | -0.21 | -0.21 | 0.00 | 0.22 |
| may_peak | Moscow | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 16.50 | 14.15 | 14.15 | 8.49 | -0.75 | -0.75 | 0.43 | 0.56 |
| may_peak | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 9.62 | 8.88 | -8.88 | 3.69 | 0.95 | 0.95 | 0.55 | 0.68 |
| may_peak | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 29.60 | 29.41 | 29.41 | 3.40 | — | — | -0.40 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 9.73 | 7.18 | 7.18 | 6.58 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.54 | 0.67 |
| may_peak | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 21.15 | 20.07 | 20.07 | 6.66 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.00 | 0.29 |
| may_peak | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 7.26 | 6.10 | 6.10 | 3.95 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.66 | 0.75 |
| may_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 8.99 | 7.74 | -3.03 | 8.46 | -0.72 | -0.72 | 0.73 | 0.59 |
| may_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 21.74 | 21.39 | 21.39 | 3.84 | — | — | 0.34 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 12.25 | 9.82 | 9.06 | 8.24 | -0.83 | -0.83 | 0.63 | 0.44 |
| may_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 33.05 | 29.98 | 29.98 | 13.91 | -0.42 | -0.42 | 0.00 | -0.52 |
| may_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 13.39 | 11.79 | 11.79 | 6.33 | -0.84 | -0.84 | 0.59 | 0.38 |
| may_peak | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 10.97 | 9.99 | -9.99 | 4.52 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.57 | 0.24 |
| may_peak | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 14.48 | 14.44 | 14.44 | 1.15 | — | — | 0.44 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 4.41 | 3.76 | 2.10 | 3.88 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.70 |
| may_peak | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 25.70 | 23.02 | 23.02 | 11.42 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.00 | -0.77 |
| may_peak | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 5.19 | 4.84 | 4.84 | 1.88 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.80 | 0.64 |
| may_peak | Sochi | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 14.50 | 11.81 | -11.38 | 8.98 | -0.57 | -0.57 | 0.24 | -0.19 |
| may_peak | Sochi | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 12.16 | 10.28 | 10.28 | 6.50 | — | — | 0.36 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Sochi | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 8.29 | 8.03 | -1.11 | 8.21 | -0.67 | -0.67 | 0.56 | 0.32 |
| may_peak | Sochi | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 18.95 | 15.62 | 13.50 | 13.30 | -0.39 | -0.39 | 0.00 | -0.56 |
| may_peak | Sochi | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 5.52 | 4.81 | 2.02 | 5.14 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.71 | 0.55 |
| may_peak | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 14.14 | 12.67 | -12.67 | 6.28 | -0.57 | -0.57 | 0.15 | -0.46 |
| may_peak | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 9.67 | 8.98 | 8.98 | 3.58 | — | — | 0.42 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 5.90 | 5.25 | -2.41 | 5.39 | -0.67 | -0.67 | 0.64 | 0.39 |
| may_peak | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 16.58 | 13.68 | 12.20 | 11.22 | -0.39 | -0.39 | 0.00 | -0.72 |
| may_peak | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 2.71 | 2.37 | 0.73 | 2.61 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.84 | 0.72 |
| may_peak | Vologda | OMI | all | CAMS | 1 | 18.69 | 18.26 | 18.26 | 3.97 | — | — | 0.49 | 0.63 |
| may_peak | Vologda | OMI | all | Climatology | 1 | 50.35 | 50.35 | 50.35 | 0.00 | — | — | -0.37 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Vologda | OMI | all | GFS | 1 | 31.75 | 31.42 | 31.42 | 4.60 | — | — | 0.14 | 0.37 |
| may_peak | Vologda | OMI | all | Persistence | 1 | 36.82 | 36.39 | 36.39 | 5.60 | — | — | 0.00 | 0.27 |
| may_peak | Vologda | OMI | all | TCOscope | 1 | 23.80 | 23.74 | 23.74 | 1.80 | — | — | 0.35 | 0.53 |
| may_peak | Vologda | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 14.79 | 11.86 | 11.86 | 8.83 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.61 | 0.72 |
| may_peak | Vologda | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 53.06 | 53.05 | 53.05 | 0.89 | — | — | -0.40 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Vologda | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 28.63 | 27.75 | 27.75 | 7.05 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.24 | 0.46 |
| may_peak | Vologda | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 37.88 | 37.50 | 37.50 | 5.37 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.00 | 0.29 |
| may_peak | Vologda | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 22.98 | 22.69 | 22.69 | 3.66 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.39 | 0.57 |
| may_peak | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 9.96 | 9.41 | -9.41 | 3.26 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.47 | 0.70 |
| may_peak | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 33.09 | 31.77 | 31.77 | 9.25 | — | — | -0.77 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 8.36 | 7.40 | 6.47 | 5.30 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.55 | 0.75 |
| may_peak | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 18.72 | 16.22 | 16.22 | 9.33 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.00 | 0.43 |
| may_peak | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 6.13 | 5.50 | 1.41 | 5.96 | 0.85 | 0.85 | 0.67 | 0.81 |
| may_peak | Voronezh | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 13.54 | 12.82 | -2.87 | 13.23 | -0.91 | -0.91 | 0.53 | 0.43 |
| may_peak | Voronezh | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 23.60 | 22.95 | 22.95 | 5.53 | — | — | 0.18 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Voronezh | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 13.91 | 10.82 | 7.98 | 11.40 | -0.79 | -0.79 | 0.52 | 0.41 |
| may_peak | Voronezh | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 28.82 | 26.73 | 26.73 | 10.79 | -0.30 | -0.30 | 0.00 | -0.22 |
| may_peak | Voronezh | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 14.19 | 11.29 | 9.60 | 10.45 | -0.80 | -0.80 | 0.51 | 0.40 |
| may_peak | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 8.93 | 7.12 | -6.89 | 5.68 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.63 | 0.53 |
| may_peak | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 19.11 | 18.93 | 18.93 | 2.66 | — | — | 0.20 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 6.12 | 4.93 | 3.96 | 4.67 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.74 | 0.68 |
| may_peak | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 23.89 | 22.71 | 22.71 | 7.41 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.00 | -0.25 |
| may_peak | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 6.71 | 5.58 | 5.58 | 3.71 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.72 | 0.65 |
| may_peak | paper_box | OMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 10.49 | 8.95 | 8.50 | 6.15 | 0.27 | 0.58 | 0.68 | 0.75 |
| may_peak | paper_box | OMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 42.13 | 41.55 | 41.55 | 6.96 | -0.88 | — | -0.27 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | paper_box | OMI | all | GFS | 2 | 24.58 | 23.29 | 23.29 | 7.89 | 0.02 | 0.37 | 0.26 | 0.42 |
| may_peak | paper_box | OMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 33.07 | 32.48 | 32.48 | 6.20 | 0.22 | 0.55 | 0.00 | 0.21 |
| may_peak | paper_box | OMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 20.31 | 19.96 | 19.96 | 3.73 | 0.64 | 0.85 | 0.39 | 0.52 |
| may_peak | paper_box | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 12.65 | 11.54 | 1.44 | 12.56 | -0.20 | 0.19 | 0.61 | 0.67 |
| may_peak | paper_box | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 38.78 | 37.41 | 37.41 | 10.22 | -0.68 | — | -0.19 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | paper_box | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 19.89 | 16.70 | 15.73 | 12.17 | -0.26 | 0.12 | 0.39 | 0.49 |
| may_peak | paper_box | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 32.59 | 30.96 | 30.93 | 10.28 | 0.10 | 0.42 | 0.00 | 0.16 |
| may_peak | paper_box | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 18.99 | 16.40 | 15.89 | 10.41 | -0.07 | 0.36 | 0.42 | 0.51 |
| may_peak | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 10.16 | 9.02 | -8.69 | 5.27 | 0.77 | 0.84 | 0.55 | 0.64 |
| may_peak | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 28.15 | 27.28 | 27.28 | 6.96 | -0.03 | — | -0.25 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 8.19 | 6.26 | 5.60 | 5.97 | 0.63 | 0.68 | 0.64 | 0.71 |
| may_peak | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 22.58 | 20.84 | 20.80 | 8.80 | 0.17 | 0.39 | 0.00 | 0.20 |
| may_peak | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 8.39 | 6.82 | 5.76 | 6.10 | 0.52 | 0.67 | 0.63 | 0.70 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | CAMS | 1 | 43.46 | 41.02 | -41.02 | 14.39 | — | — | -0.20 | 0.11 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | Climatology | 1 | 48.79 | 48.79 | -48.79 | 0.00 | — | — | -0.35 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | GFS | 1 | 30.13 | 26.55 | -26.55 | 14.25 | — | — | 0.17 | 0.38 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | Persistence | 1 | 36.21 | 33.70 | -33.70 | 13.25 | — | — | 0.00 | 0.26 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | TCOscope | 1 | 38.12 | 37.05 | -37.05 | 8.95 | — | — | -0.05 | 0.22 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | CAMS | 1 | 43.46 | 41.02 | -41.02 | 14.39 | — | — | -0.20 | 0.11 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Climatology | 1 | 48.79 | 48.79 | -48.79 | 0.00 | — | — | -0.35 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | GFS | 1 | 30.13 | 26.55 | -26.55 | 14.25 | — | — | 0.17 | 0.38 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Persistence | 1 | 36.21 | 33.70 | -33.70 | 13.25 | — | — | 0.00 | 0.26 |
| may_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | TCOscope | 1 | 38.12 | 37.05 | -37.05 | 8.95 | — | — | -0.05 | 0.22 |
| may_peak | regional_context | OMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 13.89 | 10.49 | 0.90 | 13.86 | 0.60 | 0.86 | 0.54 | 0.58 |
| may_peak | regional_context | OMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 33.38 | 28.81 | 19.77 | 26.89 | -0.59 | — | -0.11 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | regional_context | OMI | all | GFS | 2 | 18.36 | 16.17 | 13.21 | 12.76 | 0.67 | 0.88 | 0.39 | 0.45 |
| may_peak | regional_context | OMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 30.16 | 26.12 | 21.80 | 20.84 | 0.04 | 0.63 | 0.00 | 0.10 |
| may_peak | regional_context | OMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 17.09 | 14.69 | 11.93 | 12.24 | 0.69 | 0.91 | 0.43 | 0.49 |
| may_peak | regional_context | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 14.78 | 10.98 | -1.84 | 14.67 | 0.58 | 0.84 | 0.49 | 0.53 |
| may_peak | regional_context | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 31.22 | 26.59 | 15.60 | 27.04 | -0.54 | — | -0.09 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | regional_context | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 17.71 | 15.21 | 10.87 | 13.98 | 0.62 | 0.86 | 0.38 | 0.43 |
| may_peak | regional_context | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 28.71 | 24.55 | 19.04 | 21.49 | 0.01 | 0.61 | 0.00 | 0.08 |
| may_peak | regional_context | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 16.32 | 13.62 | 9.96 | 12.92 | 0.67 | 0.89 | 0.43 | 0.48 |
| may_peak | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 14.40 | 11.91 | -11.29 | 8.94 | 0.81 | 0.93 | 0.31 | 0.43 |
| may_peak | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 25.20 | 21.96 | 6.15 | 24.43 | -0.49 | — | -0.20 | 0.00 |
| may_peak | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 9.17 | 6.79 | 1.42 | 9.05 | 0.81 | 0.93 | 0.56 | 0.64 |
| may_peak | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 20.95 | 17.02 | 9.59 | 18.63 | 0.11 | 0.65 | 0.00 | 0.17 |
| may_peak | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 9.00 | 6.76 | 0.51 | 8.99 | 0.80 | 0.94 | 0.57 | 0.64 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | OMI | all | CAMS | 1 | 6.68 | 6.38 | 6.38 | 2.00 | — | — | 0.69 | 0.10 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | OMI | all | Climatology | 1 | 7.40 | 7.40 | 7.40 | 0.00 | — | — | 0.66 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | OMI | all | GFS | 1 | 16.70 | 16.40 | 16.40 | 3.12 | — | — | 0.23 | -1.26 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | OMI | all | Persistence | 1 | 21.63 | 20.51 | 20.51 | 6.85 | — | — | 0.00 | -1.92 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | OMI | all | TCOscope | 1 | 17.21 | 16.90 | 16.90 | 3.25 | — | — | 0.20 | -1.33 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 4.74 | 3.92 | 3.34 | 3.36 | -0.32 | -0.32 | 0.75 | 0.13 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 5.43 | 5.07 | 5.07 | 1.95 | — | — | 0.71 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 12.22 | 10.70 | 10.70 | 5.91 | -0.79 | -0.79 | 0.35 | -1.25 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 18.73 | 17.24 | 17.24 | 7.33 | -0.14 | -0.14 | 0.00 | -2.45 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 14.08 | 13.43 | 13.43 | 4.25 | -0.36 | -0.36 | 0.25 | -1.59 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 7.02 | 5.67 | -3.76 | 5.93 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.47 | -0.07 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 6.58 | 6.26 | -2.03 | 6.26 | — | — | 0.50 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 5.29 | 4.79 | 3.60 | 3.87 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.60 | 0.20 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 13.29 | 11.48 | 10.14 | 8.59 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.00 | -1.02 |
| june_peak | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 8.65 | 7.14 | 6.33 | 5.89 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.35 | -0.31 |
| june_peak | Moscow | OMI | all | CAMS | 1 | 7.70 | 6.64 | -6.38 | 4.30 | — | — | 0.55 | 0.31 |
| june_peak | Moscow | OMI | all | Climatology | 1 | 11.18 | 11.18 | 11.18 | 0.00 | — | — | 0.35 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Moscow | OMI | all | GFS | 1 | 8.81 | 7.96 | 7.96 | 3.78 | — | — | 0.49 | 0.21 |
| june_peak | Moscow | OMI | all | Persistence | 1 | 17.18 | 11.63 | 11.63 | 12.64 | — | — | 0.00 | -0.54 |
| june_peak | Moscow | OMI | all | TCOscope | 1 | 4.70 | 3.73 | 3.65 | 2.96 | — | — | 0.73 | 0.58 |
| june_peak | Moscow | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 14.03 | 13.03 | 1.77 | 13.92 | -0.42 | -0.42 | 0.44 | 0.31 |
| june_peak | Moscow | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 20.21 | 17.09 | 17.09 | 10.79 | — | — | 0.20 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Moscow | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 19.34 | 15.29 | 14.87 | 12.37 | -0.26 | -0.26 | 0.23 | 0.04 |
| june_peak | Moscow | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 25.11 | 19.45 | 18.49 | 16.99 | -0.08 | -0.08 | 0.00 | -0.24 |
| june_peak | Moscow | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 18.88 | 14.52 | 12.41 | 14.23 | -0.58 | -0.58 | 0.25 | 0.07 |
| june_peak | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 6.82 | 6.17 | -4.76 | 4.88 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.60 | 0.37 |
| june_peak | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 10.83 | 10.55 | 10.55 | 2.43 | — | — | 0.37 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 9.25 | 8.33 | 8.33 | 4.02 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.46 | 0.15 |
| june_peak | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 17.20 | 12.18 | 11.95 | 12.37 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.00 | -0.59 |
| june_peak | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 7.13 | 5.92 | 5.88 | 4.04 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.59 | 0.34 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | CAMS | 1 | 6.70 | 6.61 | 6.61 | 1.12 | — | — | 0.68 | 0.48 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | Climatology | 1 | 12.90 | 12.90 | 12.90 | 0.00 | — | — | 0.39 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | GFS | 1 | 17.97 | 17.76 | 17.76 | 2.76 | — | — | 0.14 | -0.39 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | Persistence | 1 | 21.01 | 19.76 | 19.76 | 7.13 | — | — | 0.00 | -0.63 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | TCOscope | 1 | 17.76 | 17.52 | 17.52 | 2.94 | — | — | 0.15 | -0.38 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 6.40 | 5.99 | 0.60 | 6.38 | -0.77 | -0.77 | 0.63 | 0.37 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 10.09 | 9.51 | 9.51 | 3.38 | — | — | 0.42 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 12.76 | 9.66 | 9.28 | 8.75 | -0.92 | -0.92 | 0.27 | -0.26 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 17.50 | 15.52 | 15.52 | 8.08 | -0.12 | -0.12 | 0.00 | -0.73 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 13.88 | 12.78 | 12.78 | 5.42 | -0.46 | -0.46 | 0.21 | -0.38 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 7.66 | 6.81 | -6.36 | 4.28 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.38 | -0.13 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 6.79 | 6.30 | 2.55 | 6.30 | — | — | 0.45 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 3.44 | 2.77 | 2.32 | 2.53 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.72 | 0.49 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 12.27 | 10.66 | 8.56 | 8.79 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.00 | -0.81 |
| june_peak | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 8.08 | 6.62 | 5.82 | 5.61 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 0.34 | -0.19 |
| june_peak | Sochi | OMI | all | CAMS | 1 | 3.79 | 2.84 | 2.79 | 2.56 | — | — | 0.80 | -0.17 |
| june_peak | Sochi | OMI | all | Climatology | 1 | 3.25 | 3.25 | -3.25 | 0.00 | — | — | 0.83 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Sochi | OMI | all | GFS | 1 | 15.50 | 15.13 | 15.13 | 3.37 | — | — | 0.18 | -3.77 |
| june_peak | Sochi | OMI | all | Persistence | 1 | 18.98 | 18.22 | 18.22 | 5.31 | — | — | 0.00 | -4.85 |
| june_peak | Sochi | OMI | all | TCOscope | 1 | 12.96 | 12.68 | 12.68 | 2.71 | — | — | 0.32 | -2.99 |
| june_peak | Sochi | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 3.89 | 3.14 | 3.13 | 2.31 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.77 | 0.02 |
| june_peak | Sochi | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 3.97 | 3.91 | -3.91 | 0.73 | — | — | 0.77 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Sochi | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 12.51 | 11.66 | 11.66 | 4.52 | -0.71 | -0.71 | 0.27 | -2.15 |
| june_peak | Sochi | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 17.24 | 16.25 | 16.25 | 5.75 | -0.24 | -0.24 | 0.00 | -3.34 |
| june_peak | Sochi | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 11.54 | 11.08 | 11.08 | 3.25 | -0.32 | -0.32 | 0.33 | -1.90 |
| june_peak | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 5.64 | 4.44 | -3.83 | 4.14 | -0.40 | -0.40 | 0.48 | 0.49 |
| june_peak | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 11.14 | 10.87 | -10.87 | 2.45 | — | — | -0.03 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 5.49 | 4.70 | 4.70 | 2.84 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.49 | 0.51 |
| june_peak | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 10.80 | 9.65 | 9.29 | 5.50 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 0.03 |
| june_peak | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 5.19 | 4.48 | 4.11 | 3.17 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.52 | 0.53 |
| june_peak | Vologda | OMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 9.73 | 9.04 | 9.04 | 3.60 | 0.37 | 0.37 | 0.66 | 0.55 |
| june_peak | Vologda | OMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 21.71 | 21.69 | 21.69 | 1.03 | — | — | 0.25 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Vologda | OMI | all | GFS | 2 | 27.80 | 27.33 | 27.33 | 5.06 | 0.37 | 0.37 | 0.04 | -0.28 |
| june_peak | Vologda | OMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 28.86 | 26.69 | 26.69 | 11.00 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.00 | -0.33 |
| june_peak | Vologda | OMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 23.62 | 22.91 | 22.91 | 5.75 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.18 | -0.09 |
| june_peak | Vologda | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 11.34 | 10.32 | 10.32 | 4.70 | 0.37 | 0.37 | 0.62 | 0.52 |
| june_peak | Vologda | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 23.39 | 22.96 | 22.96 | 4.46 | — | — | 0.23 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Vologda | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 29.14 | 28.60 | 28.60 | 5.54 | 0.37 | 0.37 | 0.04 | -0.25 |
| june_peak | Vologda | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 30.23 | 27.96 | 27.96 | 11.49 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.00 | -0.29 |
| june_peak | Vologda | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 24.88 | 24.18 | 24.18 | 5.87 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.18 | -0.06 |
| june_peak | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 3.99 | 3.30 | -1.30 | 3.77 | 0.37 | 0.37 | 0.80 | 0.66 |
| june_peak | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 11.64 | 11.34 | 11.34 | 2.60 | — | — | 0.41 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 17.71 | 16.98 | 16.98 | 5.00 | 0.37 | 0.37 | 0.10 | -0.52 |
| june_peak | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 19.75 | 16.34 | 16.34 | 11.09 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.00 | -0.70 |
| june_peak | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 13.73 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 5.55 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.30 | -0.18 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | OMI | all | CAMS | 1 | 11.80 | 11.47 | -11.47 | 2.76 | — | — | 0.26 | 0.18 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | OMI | all | Climatology | 1 | 14.40 | 14.40 | 14.40 | 0.00 | — | — | 0.09 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | OMI | all | GFS | 1 | 4.14 | 3.37 | 2.96 | 2.90 | — | — | 0.74 | 0.71 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | OMI | all | Persistence | 1 | 15.86 | 13.06 | 13.06 | 8.99 | — | — | 0.00 | -0.10 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | OMI | all | TCOscope | 1 | 5.49 | 5.14 | 5.14 | 1.94 | — | — | 0.65 | 0.62 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 9.58 | 8.42 | -8.42 | 4.56 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.29 | 0.14 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 11.14 | 10.74 | 10.74 | 2.97 | — | — | 0.17 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 4.62 | 4.08 | 3.73 | 2.72 | 0.89 | 0.89 | 0.66 | 0.59 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 13.47 | 11.08 | 10.40 | 8.55 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.00 | -0.21 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 4.57 | 3.90 | 3.62 | 2.80 | 0.62 | 0.62 | 0.66 | 0.59 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 16.15 | 12.48 | -11.91 | 10.91 | -0.93 | -0.93 | -0.36 | -0.96 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 8.23 | 7.25 | 7.25 | 3.88 | — | — | 0.31 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 8.63 | 8.31 | 0.25 | 8.62 | -0.89 | -0.89 | 0.27 | -0.05 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 11.87 | 10.02 | 6.91 | 9.65 | -0.12 | -0.12 | 0.00 | -0.44 |
| june_peak | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 6.59 | 6.02 | 0.13 | 6.59 | -0.62 | -0.62 | 0.45 | 0.20 |
| june_peak | paper_box | OMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 8.14 | 6.85 | -3.49 | 7.35 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.58 | 0.38 |
| june_peak | paper_box | OMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 13.15 | 12.64 | 12.64 | 3.63 | -0.20 | — | 0.33 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | paper_box | OMI | all | GFS | 2 | 14.00 | 10.76 | 10.39 | 9.38 | -0.04 | -0.09 | 0.29 | -0.06 |
| june_peak | paper_box | OMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 19.61 | 14.64 | 14.36 | 13.36 | -0.01 | -0.02 | 0.00 | -0.49 |
| june_peak | paper_box | OMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 11.43 | 8.61 | 8.42 | 7.74 | -0.01 | -0.07 | 0.42 | 0.13 |
| june_peak | paper_box | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 9.24 | 7.84 | -2.62 | 8.86 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.54 | 0.35 |
| june_peak | paper_box | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 14.32 | 12.94 | 12.94 | 6.13 | 0.19 | — | 0.29 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | paper_box | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 14.92 | 11.20 | 10.79 | 10.30 | -0.02 | -0.08 | 0.26 | -0.04 |
| june_peak | paper_box | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 20.27 | 15.29 | 14.63 | 14.03 | 0.00 | -0.02 | 0.00 | -0.42 |
| june_peak | paper_box | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 12.94 | 9.41 | 8.74 | 9.55 | -0.11 | -0.18 | 0.36 | 0.10 |
| june_peak | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 10.75 | 8.17 | -6.47 | 8.59 | -0.14 | -0.23 | 0.36 | -0.08 |
| june_peak | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 9.96 | 9.19 | 9.09 | 4.07 | 0.41 | — | 0.41 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 11.27 | 9.66 | 6.94 | 8.88 | 0.07 | -0.02 | 0.33 | -0.13 |
| june_peak | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 16.91 | 12.33 | 10.78 | 13.03 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.00 | -0.70 |
| june_peak | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 8.39 | 6.80 | 4.89 | 6.82 | 0.27 | 0.19 | 0.50 | 0.16 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | CAMS | 1 | 10.56 | 10.45 | -10.45 | 1.50 | — | — | -0.18 | -0.12 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | Climatology | 1 | 9.40 | 9.40 | 9.40 | 0.00 | — | — | -0.05 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | GFS | 1 | 3.25 | 2.79 | -2.79 | 1.67 | — | — | 0.64 | 0.65 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | Persistence | 1 | 8.93 | 7.54 | 6.34 | 6.29 | — | — | 0.00 | 0.05 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | all | TCOscope | 1 | 1.61 | 1.21 | -1.16 | 1.12 | — | — | 0.82 | 0.83 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | CAMS | 1 | 10.56 | 10.45 | -10.45 | 1.50 | — | — | -0.18 | -0.12 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Climatology | 1 | 9.40 | 9.40 | 9.40 | 0.00 | — | — | -0.05 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | GFS | 1 | 3.25 | 2.79 | -2.79 | 1.67 | — | — | 0.64 | 0.65 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Persistence | 1 | 8.93 | 7.54 | 6.34 | 6.29 | — | — | 0.00 | 0.05 |
| june_peak | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | TCOscope | 1 | 1.61 | 1.21 | -1.16 | 1.12 | — | — | 0.82 | 0.83 |
| june_peak | regional_context | OMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 11.40 | 8.50 | -2.89 | 11.03 | 0.59 | 0.76 | 0.44 | 0.35 |
| june_peak | regional_context | OMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 17.55 | 15.14 | 6.87 | 16.16 | -0.30 | — | 0.14 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | regional_context | OMI | all | GFS | 2 | 15.48 | 11.86 | 9.60 | 12.14 | 0.53 | 0.71 | 0.24 | 0.12 |
| june_peak | regional_context | OMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 20.33 | 16.19 | 11.88 | 16.50 | 0.10 | 0.38 | 0.00 | -0.16 |
| june_peak | regional_context | OMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 14.60 | 11.80 | 10.16 | 10.48 | 0.62 | 0.77 | 0.28 | 0.17 |
| june_peak | regional_context | OMPS | all | CAMS | 2 | 11.82 | 8.76 | -2.84 | 11.48 | 0.57 | 0.75 | 0.41 | 0.32 |
| june_peak | regional_context | OMPS | all | Climatology | 2 | 17.27 | 14.71 | 5.99 | 16.20 | -0.28 | — | 0.13 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | regional_context | OMPS | all | GFS | 2 | 15.26 | 11.79 | 9.23 | 12.16 | 0.53 | 0.71 | 0.23 | 0.12 |
| june_peak | regional_context | OMPS | all | Persistence | 2 | 19.88 | 15.72 | 11.13 | 16.47 | 0.11 | 0.38 | 0.00 | -0.15 |
| june_peak | regional_context | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 2 | 14.24 | 11.57 | 9.58 | 10.54 | 0.61 | 0.76 | 0.28 | 0.18 |
| june_peak | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 11.96 | 10.09 | -9.16 | 7.69 | 0.77 | 0.88 | 0.21 | 0.13 |
| june_peak | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 13.69 | 10.79 | -0.33 | 13.69 | -0.20 | — | 0.09 | 0.00 |
| june_peak | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 2 | 8.97 | 6.70 | 2.91 | 8.49 | 0.74 | 0.84 | 0.41 | 0.34 |
| june_peak | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 15.11 | 11.15 | 4.81 | 14.33 | 0.19 | 0.43 | 0.00 | -0.10 |
| june_peak | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 7.33 | 5.59 | 3.26 | 6.57 | 0.81 | 0.89 | 0.51 | 0.46 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | OMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 12.79 | 11.12 | -10.55 | 7.24 | -0.37 | -0.37 | -0.08 | -0.29 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | OMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 9.88 | 8.39 | 8.39 | 5.23 | — | — | 0.17 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | OMI | all | GFS | 2 | 5.82 | 4.36 | -0.25 | 5.82 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.51 | 0.41 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | OMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 11.88 | 9.74 | 3.83 | 11.25 | -0.34 | -0.34 | 0.00 | -0.20 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | OMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 8.98 | 7.39 | 6.62 | 6.07 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.24 | 0.09 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 13.53 | 11.66 | -11.38 | 7.32 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.16 | -0.26 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 10.74 | 9.05 | 8.65 | 6.36 | — | — | 0.34 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 6.45 | 5.11 | -0.71 | 6.41 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.60 | 0.40 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 16.18 | 12.82 | 7.24 | 14.48 | -0.55 | -0.55 | 0.00 | -0.51 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 8.08 | 7.01 | 5.50 | 5.92 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0.25 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 15.43 | 14.21 | -14.21 | 6.01 | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.01 | -0.68 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 9.16 | 8.11 | 5.82 | 7.08 | — | — | 0.41 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 6.54 | 5.42 | -3.54 | 5.50 | 0.63 | 0.63 | 0.58 | 0.29 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 15.57 | 13.37 | 4.40 | 14.94 | -0.52 | -0.52 | 0.00 | -0.70 |
| may_extended | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 5.51 | 4.36 | 2.66 | 4.82 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.65 | 0.40 |
| may_extended | Moscow | OMI | all | CAMS | 3 | 9.53 | 7.91 | -3.44 | 8.88 | -0.83 | -0.83 | 0.58 | 0.76 |
| may_extended | Moscow | OMI | all | Climatology | 3 | 40.07 | 40.00 | 40.00 | 2.33 | — | — | -0.78 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Moscow | OMI | all | GFS | 3 | 19.14 | 15.74 | 15.74 | 10.88 | -0.73 | -0.73 | 0.15 | 0.52 |
| may_extended | Moscow | OMI | all | Persistence | 3 | 22.49 | 19.02 | 19.02 | 12.00 | -0.14 | -0.14 | 0.00 | 0.44 |
| may_extended | Moscow | OMI | all | TCOscope | 3 | 11.04 | 9.65 | 9.65 | 5.36 | -0.03 | -0.03 | 0.51 | 0.72 |
| may_extended | Moscow | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 15.33 | 13.08 | -6.66 | 13.80 | -0.52 | -0.52 | 0.36 | 0.58 |
| may_extended | Moscow | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 36.87 | 35.89 | 35.89 | 8.45 | — | — | -0.55 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Moscow | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 18.31 | 14.84 | 11.41 | 14.32 | -0.47 | -0.47 | 0.23 | 0.50 |
| may_extended | Moscow | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 23.85 | 21.05 | 17.07 | 16.65 | -0.33 | -0.33 | 0.00 | 0.35 |
| may_extended | Moscow | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 13.28 | 11.42 | 8.02 | 10.57 | -0.07 | -0.07 | 0.44 | 0.64 |
| may_extended | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 12.66 | 11.66 | -11.16 | 5.98 | 0.65 | 0.65 | 0.24 | 0.60 |
| may_extended | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 31.50 | 31.39 | 31.39 | 2.66 | — | — | -0.89 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 10.39 | 7.39 | 6.91 | 7.76 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.67 |
| may_extended | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 16.70 | 13.02 | 12.57 | 10.99 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.00 | 0.47 |
| may_extended | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 5.64 | 4.13 | 3.52 | 4.40 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.66 | 0.82 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 6.29 | 4.70 | -4.24 | 4.65 | 0.62 | 0.62 | 0.62 | 0.68 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 19.41 | 19.41 | 19.41 | 0.27 | — | — | -0.19 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | GFS | 2 | 5.51 | 4.53 | 3.96 | 3.83 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.66 | 0.72 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 16.38 | 13.64 | 13.64 | 9.06 | 0.37 | 0.37 | 0.00 | 0.16 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 11.46 | 11.05 | 11.05 | 3.06 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.30 | 0.41 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 9.57 | 8.10 | -6.01 | 7.45 | -0.67 | -0.67 | 0.57 | 0.51 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 19.55 | 19.27 | 19.27 | 3.28 | — | — | 0.13 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 8.34 | 6.27 | 4.10 | 7.27 | -0.77 | -0.77 | 0.63 | 0.57 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 22.46 | 17.34 | 17.33 | 14.29 | -0.57 | -0.57 | 0.00 | -0.15 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 13.01 | 12.01 | 12.01 | 5.00 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.42 | 0.33 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 15.31 | 14.25 | -14.25 | 5.58 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.07 | -0.34 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 11.40 | 11.03 | 11.03 | 2.87 | — | — | 0.31 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 7.14 | 6.10 | -4.14 | 5.82 | -0.23 | -0.23 | 0.57 | 0.37 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 16.48 | 12.35 | 9.09 | 13.75 | -0.47 | -0.47 | 0.00 | -0.45 |
| may_extended | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 5.36 | 4.55 | 3.77 | 3.82 | 0.47 | 0.47 | 0.67 | 0.53 |
| may_extended | Sochi | OMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 15.74 | 13.25 | -13.25 | 8.50 | -0.19 | -0.19 | -0.30 | -0.51 |
| may_extended | Sochi | OMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 10.44 | 8.02 | 6.68 | 8.02 | — | — | 0.14 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Sochi | OMI | all | GFS | 2 | 8.67 | 7.22 | -3.13 | 8.09 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.17 |
| may_extended | Sochi | OMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 12.10 | 10.47 | 2.73 | 11.79 | -0.23 | -0.23 | 0.00 | -0.16 |
| may_extended | Sochi | OMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 11.06 | 9.25 | 6.94 | 8.61 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | -0.06 |
| may_extended | Sochi | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 15.01 | 13.08 | -12.93 | 7.62 | -0.07 | -0.07 | -0.16 | -0.77 |
| may_extended | Sochi | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 8.46 | 6.90 | 6.07 | 5.90 | — | — | 0.34 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Sochi | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 8.65 | 7.66 | -2.01 | 8.41 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.33 | -0.02 |
| may_extended | Sochi | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 12.91 | 9.83 | 4.41 | 12.13 | -0.41 | -0.41 | 0.00 | -0.52 |
| may_extended | Sochi | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 7.37 | 6.20 | 4.07 | 6.14 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.43 | 0.13 |
| may_extended | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 16.37 | 15.13 | -15.13 | 6.23 | 0.50 | 0.50 | -0.23 | -1.02 |
| may_extended | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 8.09 | 7.25 | 3.86 | 7.10 | — | — | 0.39 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 7.07 | 5.71 | -4.21 | 5.68 | 0.65 | 0.65 | 0.47 | 0.13 |
| may_extended | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 13.30 | 11.00 | 2.21 | 13.11 | -0.42 | -0.42 | 0.00 | -0.64 |
| may_extended | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 5.24 | 4.19 | 1.87 | 4.90 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.61 | 0.35 |
| may_extended | Vologda | OMI | all | CAMS | 5 | 12.62 | 10.21 | -1.58 | 12.52 | -0.46 | -0.46 | 0.45 | 0.73 |
| may_extended | Vologda | OMI | all | Climatology | 5 | 45.97 | 45.54 | 45.54 | 6.22 | — | — | -0.99 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Vologda | OMI | all | GFS | 5 | 17.33 | 13.63 | 12.73 | 11.77 | -0.33 | -0.33 | 0.25 | 0.62 |
| may_extended | Vologda | OMI | all | Persistence | 5 | 23.12 | 19.31 | 18.50 | 13.87 | -0.05 | -0.05 | 0.00 | 0.50 |
| may_extended | Vologda | OMI | all | TCOscope | 5 | 13.17 | 10.58 | 9.23 | 9.39 | -0.04 | -0.04 | 0.43 | 0.71 |
| may_extended | Vologda | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 12.82 | 9.44 | -1.26 | 12.76 | -0.42 | -0.42 | 0.51 | 0.73 |
| may_extended | Vologda | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 46.97 | 46.40 | 46.40 | 7.33 | — | — | -0.81 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Vologda | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 18.60 | 15.26 | 13.77 | 12.50 | -0.39 | -0.39 | 0.28 | 0.60 |
| may_extended | Vologda | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 25.98 | 21.89 | 21.00 | 15.30 | -0.23 | -0.23 | 0.00 | 0.45 |
| may_extended | Vologda | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 14.67 | 12.19 | 10.45 | 10.29 | -0.13 | -0.13 | 0.44 | 0.69 |
| may_extended | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 13.32 | 11.81 | -11.81 | 6.17 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.22 | 0.64 |
| may_extended | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 36.83 | 35.84 | 35.84 | 8.48 | — | — | -1.15 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 8.45 | 7.23 | 3.22 | 7.81 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.51 | 0.77 |
| may_extended | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 17.11 | 14.49 | 10.45 | 13.54 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.54 |
| may_extended | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 8.85 | 6.79 | -0.10 | 8.85 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.48 | 0.76 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | OMI | all | CAMS | 2 | 13.97 | 12.07 | -4.49 | 13.23 | -0.84 | -0.84 | 0.48 | 0.58 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | OMI | all | Climatology | 2 | 33.63 | 33.41 | 33.41 | 3.84 | — | — | -0.24 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | OMI | all | GFS | 2 | 15.94 | 11.82 | 11.81 | 10.70 | -0.78 | -0.78 | 0.41 | 0.53 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | OMI | all | Persistence | 2 | 27.07 | 23.60 | 23.60 | 13.26 | -0.26 | -0.26 | 0.00 | 0.19 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | OMI | all | TCOscope | 2 | 14.88 | 13.02 | 13.02 | 7.19 | -0.62 | -0.62 | 0.45 | 0.56 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 13.52 | 12.01 | -4.33 | 12.81 | -0.14 | -0.14 | 0.49 | 0.54 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 29.29 | 28.57 | 28.57 | 6.42 | — | — | -0.10 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 14.38 | 10.89 | 8.64 | 11.49 | -0.21 | -0.21 | 0.46 | 0.51 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 26.68 | 22.92 | 22.85 | 13.78 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.00 | 0.09 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 14.15 | 12.02 | 11.46 | 8.30 | -0.01 | -0.01 | 0.47 | 0.52 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 14.66 | 13.04 | -12.63 | 7.43 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.22 | 0.30 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 20.95 | 20.27 | 20.27 | 5.28 | — | — | -0.11 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 6.49 | 4.95 | 0.34 | 6.48 | 0.62 | 0.62 | 0.66 | 0.69 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 18.88 | 15.91 | 14.55 | 12.04 | 0.39 | 0.39 | 0.00 | 0.10 |
| may_extended | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 5.77 | 4.77 | 3.16 | 4.82 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.69 | 0.72 |
| may_extended | paper_box | OMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 12.22 | 10.18 | -4.24 | 11.46 | -0.23 | 0.02 | 0.48 | 0.68 |
| may_extended | paper_box | OMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 38.16 | 37.42 | 37.42 | 7.47 | -0.16 | — | -0.61 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | paper_box | OMI | all | GFS | 6 | 16.64 | 13.20 | 11.91 | 11.62 | -0.23 | 0.02 | 0.30 | 0.56 |
| may_extended | paper_box | OMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 23.71 | 19.77 | 18.44 | 14.90 | -0.16 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.38 |
| may_extended | paper_box | OMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 13.16 | 11.17 | 10.03 | 8.53 | 0.10 | 0.39 | 0.44 | 0.66 |
| may_extended | paper_box | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 14.29 | 12.26 | -5.07 | 13.36 | -0.25 | -0.01 | 0.45 | 0.61 |
| may_extended | paper_box | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 36.88 | 35.58 | 35.58 | 9.67 | -0.15 | — | -0.43 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | paper_box | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 16.79 | 13.35 | 10.38 | 13.19 | -0.26 | -0.05 | 0.35 | 0.54 |
| may_extended | paper_box | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 25.79 | 21.96 | 19.49 | 16.89 | -0.21 | -0.03 | 0.00 | 0.30 |
| may_extended | paper_box | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 14.89 | 12.46 | 10.08 | 10.95 | 0.01 | 0.27 | 0.42 | 0.60 |
| may_extended | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 14.07 | 12.54 | -12.25 | 6.92 | 0.56 | 0.67 | 0.21 | 0.52 |
| may_extended | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 29.35 | 28.40 | 28.40 | 7.42 | -0.23 | — | -0.64 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 8.27 | 6.07 | 3.20 | 7.63 | 0.43 | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.72 |
| may_extended | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 17.92 | 14.74 | 12.31 | 13.03 | 0.18 | 0.34 | 0.00 | 0.39 |
| may_extended | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 7.80 | 5.93 | 2.90 | 7.24 | 0.36 | 0.59 | 0.56 | 0.73 |
| may_extended | regional_context | Dobson | all | CAMS | 5 | 21.35 | 14.80 | -2.76 | 21.17 | 0.53 | 0.64 | 0.24 | 0.22 |
| may_extended | regional_context | Dobson | all | Climatology | 5 | 27.44 | 22.49 | 2.98 | 27.28 | -0.52 | — | 0.02 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | regional_context | Dobson | all | GFS | 5 | 19.60 | 17.22 | 6.17 | 18.61 | 0.70 | 0.77 | 0.30 | 0.29 |
| may_extended | regional_context | Dobson | all | Persistence | 5 | 28.02 | 23.51 | 9.91 | 26.21 | 0.22 | 0.39 | 0.00 | -0.02 |
| may_extended | regional_context | Dobson | all | TCOscope | 5 | 24.22 | 21.87 | 7.05 | 23.18 | 0.36 | 0.53 | 0.14 | 0.12 |
| may_extended | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | CAMS | 3 | 26.40 | 19.54 | -9.63 | 24.58 | 0.63 | 0.77 | -0.00 | 0.24 |
| may_extended | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Climatology | 3 | 34.76 | 32.24 | -0.28 | 34.76 | -0.98 | — | -0.32 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | GFS | 3 | 21.78 | 18.69 | 1.00 | 21.76 | 0.78 | 0.86 | 0.17 | 0.37 |
| may_extended | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Persistence | 3 | 26.27 | 21.68 | -0.99 | 26.25 | 0.53 | 0.70 | 0.00 | 0.24 |
| may_extended | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | TCOscope | 3 | 25.74 | 22.34 | -2.36 | 25.63 | 0.62 | 0.80 | 0.02 | 0.26 |
| may_extended | regional_context | OMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 13.01 | 10.24 | -1.30 | 12.94 | 0.59 | 0.82 | 0.52 | 0.60 |
| may_extended | regional_context | OMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 32.55 | 27.90 | 24.05 | 21.92 | -0.26 | — | -0.21 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | regional_context | OMI | all | GFS | 6 | 16.47 | 13.40 | 10.24 | 12.90 | 0.59 | 0.82 | 0.39 | 0.49 |
| may_extended | regional_context | OMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 26.87 | 22.36 | 19.49 | 18.49 | 0.21 | 0.65 | 0.00 | 0.17 |
| may_extended | regional_context | OMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 14.56 | 11.92 | 9.48 | 11.04 | 0.68 | 0.87 | 0.46 | 0.55 |
| may_extended | regional_context | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 13.86 | 10.86 | -2.31 | 13.67 | 0.56 | 0.81 | 0.48 | 0.54 |
| may_extended | regional_context | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 30.18 | 25.37 | 20.58 | 22.08 | -0.20 | — | -0.13 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | regional_context | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 16.37 | 13.26 | 9.21 | 13.54 | 0.57 | 0.81 | 0.39 | 0.46 |
| may_extended | regional_context | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 26.77 | 22.22 | 18.43 | 19.41 | 0.16 | 0.61 | 0.00 | 0.11 |
| may_extended | regional_context | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 14.35 | 11.76 | 8.81 | 11.33 | 0.68 | 0.86 | 0.46 | 0.52 |
| may_extended | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 14.16 | 12.08 | -11.32 | 8.50 | 0.82 | 0.93 | 0.28 | 0.44 |
| may_extended | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 25.33 | 21.14 | 11.53 | 22.56 | -0.32 | — | -0.29 | 0.00 |
| may_extended | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 8.84 | 6.58 | 0.20 | 8.83 | 0.81 | 0.92 | 0.55 | 0.65 |
| may_extended | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 19.68 | 15.58 | 9.42 | 17.27 | 0.31 | 0.70 | 0.00 | 0.22 |
| may_extended | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 8.57 | 6.50 | -0.19 | 8.57 | 0.81 | 0.93 | 0.56 | 0.66 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | OMI | all | CAMS | 4 | 9.50 | 7.03 | -2.04 | 9.27 | -0.06 | -0.06 | 0.45 | -0.47 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | OMI | all | Climatology | 4 | 6.46 | 5.37 | 3.39 | 5.50 | — | — | 0.63 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | OMI | all | GFS | 4 | 14.43 | 13.35 | 7.16 | 12.52 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.16 | -1.23 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | OMI | all | Persistence | 4 | 17.26 | 14.86 | 13.20 | 11.11 | -0.15 | -0.15 | 0.00 | -1.67 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | OMI | all | TCOscope | 4 | 12.73 | 11.44 | 9.91 | 7.98 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.26 | -0.97 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 11.94 | 7.59 | -4.05 | 11.23 | -0.09 | -0.09 | 0.32 | -0.39 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 8.59 | 7.68 | 2.18 | 8.31 | — | — | 0.51 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 13.88 | 11.57 | 3.86 | 13.33 | -0.01 | -0.01 | 0.21 | -0.61 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 17.68 | 15.49 | 11.98 | 13.00 | -0.17 | -0.17 | 0.00 | -1.06 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 12.42 | 11.50 | 7.33 | 10.02 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.30 | -0.44 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 10.90 | 9.82 | -9.18 | 5.88 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.12 | -0.28 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 8.53 | 5.96 | -2.94 | 8.01 | — | — | 0.31 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 5.44 | 4.80 | -1.26 | 5.29 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.56 | 0.36 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 12.38 | 9.78 | 6.85 | 10.32 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.00 | -0.45 |
| june_extended | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 5.98 | 4.62 | 2.21 | 5.56 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.52 | 0.30 |
| june_extended | Moscow | OMI | all | CAMS | 5 | 17.39 | 14.13 | -13.71 | 10.69 | 0.77 | 0.77 | 0.26 | -0.02 |
| june_extended | Moscow | OMI | all | Climatology | 5 | 17.13 | 14.24 | -4.47 | 16.53 | — | — | 0.27 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Moscow | OMI | all | GFS | 5 | 9.25 | 8.46 | 1.32 | 9.15 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.61 | 0.46 |
| june_extended | Moscow | OMI | all | Persistence | 5 | 23.57 | 19.71 | -4.84 | 23.07 | -0.30 | -0.30 | 0.00 | -0.38 |
| june_extended | Moscow | OMI | all | TCOscope | 5 | 9.47 | 8.43 | 3.42 | 8.82 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.60 | 0.45 |
| june_extended | Moscow | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 19.74 | 16.83 | -11.30 | 16.19 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.24 | 0.02 |
| june_extended | Moscow | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 20.19 | 17.67 | -1.42 | 20.14 | — | — | 0.23 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Moscow | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 14.97 | 12.21 | 3.20 | 14.63 | 0.69 | 0.69 | 0.43 | 0.26 |
| june_extended | Moscow | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 26.07 | 22.45 | -1.34 | 26.04 | -0.27 | -0.27 | 0.00 | -0.29 |
| june_extended | Moscow | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 15.10 | 12.90 | 4.86 | 14.30 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.42 | 0.25 |
| june_extended | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 13.63 | 11.27 | -10.15 | 9.10 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.26 | -0.20 |
| june_extended | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 11.31 | 10.08 | -0.27 | 11.31 | — | — | 0.38 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 9.32 | 7.94 | 4.35 | 8.24 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.49 | 0.18 |
| june_extended | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 18.33 | 14.63 | -0.18 | 18.32 | -0.24 | -0.24 | 0.00 | -0.62 |
| june_extended | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 8.90 | 7.27 | 6.01 | 6.56 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.51 | 0.21 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | CAMS | 4 | 16.90 | 10.71 | -6.63 | 15.54 | -0.45 | -0.45 | 0.07 | -0.34 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | Climatology | 4 | 12.66 | 11.37 | 2.57 | 12.39 | — | — | 0.30 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | GFS | 4 | 18.89 | 17.00 | 3.78 | 18.51 | -0.28 | -0.28 | -0.04 | -0.49 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | Persistence | 4 | 18.08 | 16.11 | 6.89 | 16.72 | -0.26 | -0.26 | 0.00 | -0.43 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | TCOscope | 4 | 15.00 | 14.48 | 6.16 | 13.68 | -0.04 | -0.04 | 0.17 | -0.19 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 16.09 | 11.08 | -6.19 | 14.86 | -0.25 | -0.25 | 0.13 | -0.19 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 13.49 | 11.25 | 4.19 | 12.82 | — | — | 0.27 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 16.98 | 13.78 | 2.59 | 16.79 | -0.09 | -0.09 | 0.08 | -0.26 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 18.48 | 16.14 | 8.54 | 16.39 | -0.18 | -0.18 | 0.00 | -0.37 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 14.76 | 13.12 | 6.37 | 13.31 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.20 | -0.09 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 11.05 | 10.16 | -10.00 | 4.70 | 0.72 | 0.72 | -0.01 | -0.62 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 6.81 | 5.53 | 0.38 | 6.80 | — | — | 0.37 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 5.57 | 4.53 | -1.23 | 5.43 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.49 | 0.18 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 10.90 | 9.08 | 4.72 | 9.82 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.00 | -0.60 |
| june_extended | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 5.40 | 4.10 | 2.55 | 4.76 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 0.50 | 0.21 |
| june_extended | Sochi | OMI | all | CAMS | 4 | 9.29 | 6.90 | -1.17 | 9.22 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.48 | -0.66 |
| june_extended | Sochi | OMI | all | Climatology | 4 | 5.60 | 5.28 | -1.85 | 5.29 | — | — | 0.69 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Sochi | OMI | all | GFS | 4 | 14.43 | 13.77 | 9.13 | 11.18 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.19 | -1.58 |
| june_extended | Sochi | OMI | all | Persistence | 4 | 17.80 | 15.91 | 15.45 | 8.84 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.00 | -2.18 |
| june_extended | Sochi | OMI | all | TCOscope | 4 | 12.34 | 11.03 | 10.47 | 6.52 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.31 | -1.20 |
| june_extended | Sochi | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 9.63 | 6.32 | -1.75 | 9.47 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.46 | -0.40 |
| june_extended | Sochi | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 6.88 | 6.48 | -2.41 | 6.45 | — | — | 0.61 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Sochi | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 12.80 | 11.95 | 7.05 | 10.68 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.28 | -0.86 |
| june_extended | Sochi | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 17.73 | 15.68 | 14.85 | 9.69 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.00 | -1.58 |
| june_extended | Sochi | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 11.17 | 10.36 | 8.73 | 6.97 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.37 | -0.62 |
| june_extended | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 9.29 | 8.08 | -7.63 | 5.31 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.25 | 0.22 |
| june_extended | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 11.93 | 9.16 | -8.28 | 8.58 | — | — | 0.04 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 4.34 | 3.58 | 1.18 | 4.18 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.65 | 0.64 |
| june_extended | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 12.45 | 10.19 | 8.97 | 8.63 | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.00 | -0.04 |
| june_extended | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 4.99 | 4.34 | 2.85 | 4.10 | 0.89 | 0.89 | 0.60 | 0.58 |
| june_extended | Vologda | OMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 20.53 | 15.75 | -7.49 | 19.11 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | -0.22 |
| june_extended | Vologda | OMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 16.78 | 14.81 | 3.30 | 16.45 | — | — | 0.31 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Vologda | OMI | all | GFS | 6 | 22.00 | 20.12 | 10.13 | 19.52 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.09 | -0.31 |
| june_extended | Vologda | OMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 24.23 | 21.34 | 3.52 | 23.98 | -0.44 | -0.44 | 0.00 | -0.44 |
| june_extended | Vologda | OMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 17.93 | 15.83 | 10.61 | 14.46 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.26 | -0.07 |
| june_extended | Vologda | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 21.06 | 16.09 | -7.16 | 19.81 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.17 | -0.16 |
| june_extended | Vologda | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 18.19 | 15.92 | 3.64 | 17.82 | — | — | 0.29 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Vologda | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 22.53 | 20.80 | 10.47 | 19.95 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.12 | -0.24 |
| june_extended | Vologda | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 25.48 | 22.50 | 3.86 | 25.19 | -0.44 | -0.44 | 0.00 | -0.40 |
| june_extended | Vologda | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 18.34 | 16.39 | 10.94 | 14.72 | 0.61 | 0.61 | 0.28 | -0.01 |
| june_extended | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 10.63 | 9.19 | -8.52 | 6.35 | 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.46 | 0.17 |
| june_extended | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 12.74 | 10.03 | 2.27 | 12.54 | — | — | 0.36 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 12.44 | 10.42 | 9.10 | 8.48 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.37 | 0.02 |
| june_extended | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 19.80 | 15.41 | 2.49 | 19.64 | -0.32 | -0.32 | 0.00 | -0.55 |
| june_extended | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 13.12 | 10.14 | 9.58 | 8.96 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.34 | -0.03 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | OMI | all | CAMS | 4 | 12.88 | 10.90 | -5.93 | 11.44 | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0.34 | 0.17 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | OMI | all | Climatology | 4 | 15.49 | 15.45 | 6.93 | 13.86 | — | — | 0.21 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | OMI | all | GFS | 4 | 12.03 | 10.06 | 5.83 | 10.52 | 0.65 | 0.65 | 0.39 | 0.22 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | OMI | all | Persistence | 4 | 19.65 | 17.71 | 5.49 | 18.87 | -0.41 | -0.41 | 0.00 | -0.27 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | OMI | all | TCOscope | 4 | 9.32 | 8.16 | 5.20 | 7.74 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.53 | 0.40 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 14.43 | 11.96 | -8.55 | 11.62 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.21 | -0.02 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 14.15 | 12.38 | 5.01 | 13.23 | — | — | 0.23 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 11.59 | 9.84 | 2.33 | 11.35 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.37 | 0.18 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 18.26 | 15.37 | 3.45 | 17.93 | -0.37 | -0.37 | 0.00 | -0.29 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 8.80 | 7.23 | 3.48 | 8.08 | 0.83 | 0.83 | 0.52 | 0.38 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 11.06 | 8.36 | -8.13 | 7.50 | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.05 | -0.40 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 7.91 | 6.89 | 5.44 | 5.74 | — | — | 0.32 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 6.82 | 5.99 | 2.75 | 6.24 | 0.62 | 0.62 | 0.41 | 0.14 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 11.60 | 9.92 | 3.87 | 10.93 | -0.21 | -0.21 | 0.00 | -0.47 |
| june_extended | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 6.97 | 5.97 | 3.90 | 5.77 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 0.40 | 0.12 |
| june_extended | paper_box | OMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 18.44 | 13.78 | -10.96 | 14.83 | 0.51 | 0.51 | 0.19 | -0.11 |
| june_extended | paper_box | OMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 16.68 | 15.07 | -0.42 | 16.68 | 0.00 | — | 0.27 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | paper_box | OMI | all | GFS | 6 | 15.14 | 12.15 | 3.26 | 14.78 | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.33 | 0.09 |
| june_extended | paper_box | OMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 22.72 | 19.05 | -0.28 | 22.72 | -0.23 | -0.23 | 0.00 | -0.36 |
| june_extended | paper_box | OMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 13.02 | 10.48 | 4.47 | 12.23 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.43 | 0.22 |
| june_extended | paper_box | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 19.94 | 15.32 | -11.94 | 15.97 | 0.47 | 0.47 | 0.15 | -0.13 |
| june_extended | paper_box | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 17.63 | 15.25 | -1.00 | 17.60 | 0.03 | — | 0.25 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | paper_box | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 16.14 | 13.02 | 1.98 | 16.02 | 0.51 | 0.51 | 0.31 | 0.08 |
| june_extended | paper_box | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 23.45 | 19.57 | -1.13 | 23.42 | -0.23 | -0.23 | 0.00 | -0.33 |
| june_extended | paper_box | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 14.16 | 11.42 | 3.61 | 13.69 | 0.65 | 0.65 | 0.40 | 0.20 |
| june_extended | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 13.72 | 10.82 | -9.86 | 9.54 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.24 | -0.17 |
| june_extended | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 11.68 | 9.87 | 1.07 | 11.63 | 0.09 | — | 0.36 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 9.54 | 7.63 | 4.06 | 8.64 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.47 | 0.18 |
| june_extended | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 18.16 | 14.28 | 0.95 | 18.14 | -0.18 | -0.19 | 0.00 | -0.56 |
| june_extended | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 8.78 | 6.88 | 5.69 | 6.69 | 0.89 | 0.89 | 0.52 | 0.25 |
| june_extended | regional_context | Dobson | all | CAMS | 5 | 12.94 | 12.16 | -9.32 | 8.98 | 0.57 | 0.51 | -0.03 | 0.02 |
| june_extended | regional_context | Dobson | all | Climatology | 5 | 13.15 | 9.77 | 8.11 | 10.35 | 0.47 | — | -0.04 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | regional_context | Dobson | all | GFS | 5 | 9.79 | 7.41 | -0.85 | 9.75 | 0.46 | 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.26 |
| june_extended | regional_context | Dobson | all | Persistence | 5 | 12.62 | 9.74 | 4.01 | 11.97 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.00 | 0.04 |
| june_extended | regional_context | Dobson | all | TCOscope | 5 | 10.51 | 7.03 | 3.88 | 9.76 | 0.46 | 0.36 | 0.17 | 0.20 |
| june_extended | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | CAMS | 5 | 12.94 | 12.16 | -9.32 | 8.98 | 0.57 | 0.51 | -0.03 | 0.02 |
| june_extended | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Climatology | 5 | 13.15 | 9.77 | 8.11 | 10.35 | 0.47 | — | -0.04 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | GFS | 5 | 9.79 | 7.41 | -0.85 | 9.75 | 0.46 | 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.26 |
| june_extended | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Persistence | 5 | 12.62 | 9.74 | 4.01 | 11.97 | 0.19 | 0.13 | 0.00 | 0.04 |
| june_extended | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | TCOscope | 5 | 10.51 | 7.03 | 3.88 | 9.76 | 0.46 | 0.36 | 0.17 | 0.20 |
| june_extended | regional_context | OMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 16.57 | 12.35 | -8.00 | 14.51 | 0.50 | 0.68 | 0.17 | 0.11 |
| june_extended | regional_context | OMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 18.57 | 15.37 | 1.49 | 18.51 | -0.33 | — | 0.07 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | regional_context | OMI | all | GFS | 6 | 16.18 | 12.67 | 4.60 | 15.51 | 0.49 | 0.66 | 0.19 | 0.13 |
| june_extended | regional_context | OMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 19.97 | 15.69 | 5.17 | 19.29 | 0.02 | 0.33 | 0.00 | -0.08 |
| june_extended | regional_context | OMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 13.44 | 10.73 | 5.94 | 12.05 | 0.66 | 0.78 | 0.33 | 0.28 |
| june_extended | regional_context | OMPS | all | CAMS | 6 | 17.00 | 12.64 | -8.08 | 14.95 | 0.47 | 0.66 | 0.15 | 0.08 |
| june_extended | regional_context | OMPS | all | Climatology | 6 | 18.52 | 14.95 | 0.55 | 18.51 | -0.28 | — | 0.07 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | regional_context | OMPS | all | GFS | 6 | 16.02 | 12.55 | 3.98 | 15.52 | 0.48 | 0.65 | 0.20 | 0.13 |
| june_extended | regional_context | OMPS | all | Persistence | 6 | 19.92 | 15.57 | 4.42 | 19.43 | 0.02 | 0.32 | 0.00 | -0.08 |
| june_extended | regional_context | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 6 | 13.27 | 10.59 | 5.46 | 12.09 | 0.66 | 0.77 | 0.33 | 0.28 |
| june_extended | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 6 | 14.60 | 12.07 | -11.16 | 9.41 | 0.76 | 0.85 | 0.13 | 0.13 |
| june_extended | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 6 | 16.85 | 13.13 | -2.53 | 16.65 | -0.29 | — | -0.00 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 6 | 10.01 | 7.55 | 0.90 | 9.97 | 0.76 | 0.84 | 0.40 | 0.41 |
| june_extended | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 6 | 16.82 | 12.62 | 1.34 | 16.76 | 0.14 | 0.42 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| june_extended | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 6 | 8.14 | 6.05 | 2.38 | 7.78 | 0.83 | 0.89 | 0.52 | 0.52 |
| context | Krasnodar | OMI | all | CAMS | 15 | 15.15 | 12.98 | -5.69 | 14.03 | 0.27 | 0.35 | 0.15 | -0.12 |
| context | Krasnodar | OMI | all | Climatology | 15 | 13.55 | 10.38 | -1.86 | 13.42 | 0.27 | — | 0.24 | 0.00 |
| context | Krasnodar | OMI | all | GFS | 15 | 15.54 | 13.51 | 3.81 | 15.06 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.13 | -0.15 |
| context | Krasnodar | OMI | all | Persistence | 15 | 17.92 | 14.54 | 6.24 | 16.80 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.00 | -0.32 |
| context | Krasnodar | OMI | all | TCOscope | 15 | 12.73 | 10.90 | 5.65 | 11.41 | 0.50 | 0.54 | 0.29 | 0.06 |
| context | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | CAMS | 27 | 14.41 | 11.87 | -7.13 | 12.52 | 0.47 | 0.58 | 0.20 | -0.00 |
| context | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | Climatology | 27 | 14.36 | 11.32 | -2.61 | 14.12 | 0.18 | — | 0.20 | 0.00 |
| context | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | GFS | 27 | 13.64 | 11.42 | 1.52 | 13.55 | 0.38 | 0.47 | 0.24 | 0.05 |
| context | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | Persistence | 27 | 17.99 | 14.80 | 4.91 | 17.31 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.00 | -0.25 |
| context | Krasnodar | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 27 | 11.36 | 9.82 | 4.40 | 10.47 | 0.61 | 0.68 | 0.37 | 0.21 |
| context | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 27 | 14.27 | 12.52 | -12.16 | 7.46 | 0.80 | 0.83 | 0.06 | 0.01 |
| context | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 27 | 14.46 | 11.41 | -7.64 | 12.27 | 0.33 | — | 0.05 | 0.00 |
| context | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 27 | 8.27 | 6.48 | -3.52 | 7.48 | 0.80 | 0.81 | 0.45 | 0.43 |
| context | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 27 | 15.17 | 12.51 | -0.12 | 15.17 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.00 | -0.05 |
| context | Krasnodar | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 27 | 6.62 | 5.16 | -0.63 | 6.59 | 0.84 | 0.85 | 0.56 | 0.54 |
| context | Moscow | OMI | all | CAMS | 20 | 15.00 | 11.76 | -4.80 | 14.21 | 0.58 | 0.80 | 0.30 | 0.39 |
| context | Moscow | OMI | all | Climatology | 20 | 24.76 | 20.80 | 6.97 | 23.76 | -0.06 | — | -0.15 | 0.00 |
| context | Moscow | OMI | all | GFS | 20 | 16.52 | 13.95 | 10.47 | 12.77 | 0.66 | 0.84 | 0.23 | 0.33 |
| context | Moscow | OMI | all | Persistence | 20 | 21.46 | 17.51 | 6.13 | 20.56 | 0.17 | 0.53 | 0.00 | 0.13 |
| context | Moscow | OMI | all | TCOscope | 20 | 13.22 | 11.05 | 8.91 | 9.76 | 0.80 | 0.91 | 0.38 | 0.47 |
| context | Moscow | OMPS | all | CAMS | 26 | 17.00 | 14.09 | -6.69 | 15.63 | 0.53 | 0.78 | 0.26 | 0.35 |
| context | Moscow | OMPS | all | Climatology | 26 | 26.18 | 22.54 | 8.17 | 24.87 | -0.05 | — | -0.15 | 0.00 |
| context | Moscow | OMPS | all | GFS | 26 | 16.82 | 13.95 | 8.88 | 14.28 | 0.61 | 0.82 | 0.26 | 0.36 |
| context | Moscow | OMPS | all | Persistence | 26 | 22.85 | 18.91 | 5.49 | 22.18 | 0.10 | 0.49 | 0.00 | 0.13 |
| context | Moscow | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 26 | 14.13 | 11.79 | 7.96 | 11.67 | 0.74 | 0.88 | 0.38 | 0.46 |
| context | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 27 | 17.28 | 14.12 | -12.98 | 11.41 | 0.73 | 0.87 | 0.07 | 0.24 |
| context | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 27 | 22.75 | 18.65 | 1.73 | 22.68 | 0.07 | — | -0.23 | 0.00 |
| context | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 27 | 11.00 | 8.97 | 3.24 | 10.51 | 0.78 | 0.89 | 0.41 | 0.52 |
| context | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 27 | 18.52 | 14.41 | -0.74 | 18.50 | 0.33 | 0.59 | 0.00 | 0.19 |
| context | Moscow | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 27 | 8.00 | 6.31 | 2.42 | 7.63 | 0.88 | 0.94 | 0.57 | 0.65 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | CAMS | 15 | 14.75 | 10.93 | -5.25 | 13.78 | 0.56 | 0.54 | 0.27 | 0.08 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | Climatology | 15 | 16.00 | 12.59 | 0.05 | 16.00 | 0.32 | — | 0.21 | 0.00 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | GFS | 15 | 15.69 | 13.48 | 4.91 | 14.90 | 0.52 | 0.51 | 0.22 | 0.02 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | Persistence | 15 | 20.16 | 16.43 | 6.52 | 19.07 | 0.27 | 0.06 | 0.00 | -0.26 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | OMI | all | TCOscope | 15 | 13.86 | 12.09 | 7.72 | 11.52 | 0.69 | 0.70 | 0.31 | 0.13 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | CAMS | 27 | 14.66 | 10.95 | -5.00 | 13.78 | 0.62 | 0.66 | 0.30 | 0.15 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | Climatology | 27 | 17.26 | 14.14 | 0.69 | 17.25 | 0.20 | — | 0.18 | 0.00 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | GFS | 27 | 14.54 | 11.70 | 4.56 | 13.81 | 0.62 | 0.65 | 0.31 | 0.16 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | Persistence | 27 | 20.96 | 16.75 | 6.79 | 19.83 | 0.20 | 0.11 | 0.00 | -0.21 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 27 | 13.71 | 11.69 | 8.05 | 11.10 | 0.73 | 0.77 | 0.35 | 0.21 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 27 | 13.35 | 11.92 | -11.67 | 6.47 | 0.91 | 0.91 | 0.21 | 0.16 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 27 | 15.93 | 12.54 | -5.98 | 14.76 | 0.41 | — | 0.06 | 0.00 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 27 | 6.47 | 4.96 | -2.11 | 6.12 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.62 | 0.59 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 27 | 16.93 | 13.15 | 0.11 | 16.93 | 0.41 | 0.20 | 0.00 | -0.06 |
| context | Rostov-on-Don | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 27 | 6.62 | 5.36 | 1.38 | 6.48 | 0.91 | 0.90 | 0.61 | 0.58 |
| context | Sochi | OMI | all | CAMS | 15 | 14.82 | 12.19 | -5.88 | 13.60 | 0.17 | 0.45 | 0.13 | -0.07 |
| context | Sochi | OMI | all | Climatology | 15 | 13.88 | 11.20 | -3.04 | 13.55 | 0.16 | — | 0.18 | 0.00 |
| context | Sochi | OMI | all | GFS | 15 | 15.71 | 13.65 | 4.28 | 15.11 | 0.12 | 0.35 | 0.07 | -0.13 |
| context | Sochi | OMI | all | Persistence | 15 | 16.98 | 13.46 | 6.95 | 15.49 | 0.02 | 0.26 | 0.00 | -0.22 |
| context | Sochi | OMI | all | TCOscope | 15 | 12.87 | 11.00 | 5.35 | 11.71 | 0.28 | 0.52 | 0.24 | 0.07 |
| context | Sochi | OMPS | all | CAMS | 27 | 15.55 | 12.45 | -9.00 | 12.68 | 0.31 | 0.58 | 0.08 | 0.01 |
| context | Sochi | OMPS | all | Climatology | 27 | 15.68 | 11.94 | -5.39 | 14.72 | 0.03 | — | 0.07 | 0.00 |
| context | Sochi | OMPS | all | GFS | 27 | 14.67 | 12.28 | 0.54 | 14.66 | 0.16 | 0.43 | 0.13 | 0.06 |
| context | Sochi | OMPS | all | Persistence | 27 | 16.85 | 13.08 | 3.59 | 16.46 | -0.11 | 0.25 | 0.00 | -0.07 |
| context | Sochi | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 27 | 12.14 | 9.98 | 2.25 | 11.93 | 0.33 | 0.59 | 0.28 | 0.23 |
| context | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 27 | 14.29 | 12.39 | -12.25 | 7.35 | 0.73 | 0.83 | -0.02 | 0.04 |
| context | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 27 | 14.93 | 11.72 | -8.64 | 12.18 | 0.24 | — | -0.06 | 0.00 |
| context | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 27 | 8.52 | 5.87 | -2.71 | 8.08 | 0.71 | 0.79 | 0.39 | 0.43 |
| context | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 27 | 14.04 | 11.00 | 0.34 | 14.04 | 0.08 | 0.32 | 0.00 | 0.06 |
| context | Sochi | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 27 | 6.63 | 5.00 | -1.00 | 6.56 | 0.78 | 0.84 | 0.53 | 0.56 |
| context | Vologda | OMI | all | CAMS | 25 | 16.05 | 11.55 | -3.04 | 15.76 | 0.40 | 0.73 | 0.20 | 0.39 |
| context | Vologda | OMI | all | Climatology | 25 | 26.23 | 21.26 | 14.13 | 22.10 | -0.01 | — | -0.31 | 0.00 |
| context | Vologda | OMI | all | GFS | 25 | 19.97 | 17.39 | 13.27 | 14.92 | 0.46 | 0.77 | 0.00 | 0.24 |
| context | Vologda | OMI | all | Persistence | 25 | 20.05 | 16.58 | 6.79 | 18.86 | 0.08 | 0.55 | 0.00 | 0.24 |
| context | Vologda | OMI | all | TCOscope | 25 | 15.76 | 14.08 | 11.25 | 11.03 | 0.66 | 0.87 | 0.21 | 0.40 |
| context | Vologda | OMPS | all | CAMS | 27 | 16.34 | 11.85 | -3.26 | 16.01 | 0.43 | 0.75 | 0.22 | 0.40 |
| context | Vologda | OMPS | all | Climatology | 27 | 27.17 | 22.06 | 13.82 | 23.39 | -0.06 | — | -0.30 | 0.00 |
| context | Vologda | OMPS | all | GFS | 27 | 19.83 | 17.18 | 12.98 | 14.99 | 0.49 | 0.79 | 0.05 | 0.27 |
| context | Vologda | OMPS | all | Persistence | 27 | 20.87 | 17.16 | 6.38 | 19.87 | 0.04 | 0.54 | 0.00 | 0.23 |
| context | Vologda | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 27 | 15.83 | 13.68 | 10.81 | 11.56 | 0.66 | 0.87 | 0.24 | 0.42 |
| context | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 27 | 12.41 | 10.83 | -8.87 | 8.67 | 0.83 | 0.92 | 0.25 | 0.40 |
| context | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 27 | 20.76 | 15.92 | 8.21 | 19.07 | 0.28 | — | -0.25 | 0.00 |
| context | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 27 | 12.14 | 9.14 | 7.38 | 9.64 | 0.79 | 0.91 | 0.27 | 0.42 |
| context | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 27 | 16.60 | 13.28 | 0.77 | 16.58 | 0.30 | 0.56 | 0.00 | 0.20 |
| context | Vologda | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 27 | 9.83 | 7.48 | 5.20 | 8.34 | 0.81 | 0.93 | 0.41 | 0.53 |
| context | Voronezh | OMI | all | CAMS | 15 | 13.77 | 11.21 | -5.82 | 12.47 | 0.79 | 0.80 | 0.37 | 0.32 |
| context | Voronezh | OMI | all | Climatology | 15 | 20.21 | 15.87 | 4.13 | 19.78 | 0.22 | — | 0.07 | 0.00 |
| context | Voronezh | OMI | all | GFS | 15 | 14.22 | 11.10 | 7.30 | 12.20 | 0.80 | 0.81 | 0.35 | 0.30 |
| context | Voronezh | OMI | all | Persistence | 15 | 21.76 | 17.39 | 5.34 | 21.09 | 0.28 | 0.20 | 0.00 | -0.08 |
| context | Voronezh | OMI | all | TCOscope | 15 | 12.74 | 10.65 | 8.43 | 9.55 | 0.86 | 0.88 | 0.41 | 0.37 |
| context | Voronezh | OMPS | all | CAMS | 27 | 19.08 | 14.91 | -6.64 | 17.88 | 0.56 | 0.66 | 0.25 | 0.19 |
| context | Voronezh | OMPS | all | Climatology | 27 | 23.68 | 18.67 | 3.57 | 23.41 | 0.04 | — | 0.07 | 0.00 |
| context | Voronezh | OMPS | all | GFS | 27 | 18.03 | 13.89 | 5.82 | 17.07 | 0.60 | 0.70 | 0.29 | 0.24 |
| context | Voronezh | OMPS | all | Persistence | 27 | 25.36 | 19.57 | 4.77 | 24.91 | 0.11 | 0.17 | 0.00 | -0.07 |
| context | Voronezh | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 27 | 15.25 | 12.44 | 7.20 | 13.44 | 0.74 | 0.82 | 0.40 | 0.36 |
| context | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 27 | 16.67 | 13.73 | -12.79 | 10.68 | 0.84 | 0.85 | 0.18 | 0.19 |
| context | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 27 | 20.48 | 15.33 | -2.58 | 20.31 | 0.30 | — | -0.00 | 0.00 |
| context | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 27 | 8.79 | 6.92 | -0.33 | 8.79 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.57 | 0.57 |
| context | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 27 | 20.43 | 14.85 | -1.38 | 20.38 | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| context | Voronezh | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 27 | 7.87 | 6.52 | 1.05 | 7.80 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.61 | 0.62 |
| context | paper_box | OMI | all | CAMS | 27 | 15.91 | 12.34 | -5.32 | 14.99 | 0.57 | 0.76 | 0.27 | 0.34 |
| context | paper_box | OMI | all | Climatology | 27 | 23.99 | 19.84 | 7.38 | 22.82 | 0.02 | — | -0.09 | 0.00 |
| context | paper_box | OMI | all | GFS | 27 | 17.69 | 14.49 | 9.70 | 14.80 | 0.60 | 0.77 | 0.19 | 0.26 |
| context | paper_box | OMI | all | Persistence | 27 | 21.92 | 17.56 | 5.92 | 21.10 | 0.16 | 0.45 | 0.00 | 0.09 |
| context | paper_box | OMI | all | TCOscope | 27 | 14.86 | 12.37 | 9.23 | 11.65 | 0.73 | 0.86 | 0.32 | 0.38 |
| context | paper_box | OMPS | all | CAMS | 27 | 17.65 | 13.83 | -6.28 | 16.49 | 0.51 | 0.74 | 0.25 | 0.30 |
| context | paper_box | OMPS | all | Climatology | 27 | 25.25 | 20.81 | 7.26 | 24.19 | -0.04 | — | -0.07 | 0.00 |
| context | paper_box | OMPS | all | GFS | 27 | 18.18 | 14.86 | 8.52 | 16.06 | 0.55 | 0.75 | 0.23 | 0.28 |
| context | paper_box | OMPS | all | Persistence | 27 | 23.53 | 18.87 | 5.66 | 22.84 | 0.08 | 0.41 | 0.00 | 0.07 |
| context | paper_box | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 27 | 15.57 | 12.86 | 8.47 | 13.07 | 0.68 | 0.84 | 0.34 | 0.38 |
| context | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 27 | 16.77 | 13.78 | -12.42 | 11.26 | 0.77 | 0.86 | 0.13 | 0.23 |
| context | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 27 | 21.68 | 17.10 | 1.10 | 21.66 | 0.17 | — | -0.13 | 0.00 |
| context | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 27 | 10.94 | 8.21 | 2.43 | 10.67 | 0.80 | 0.87 | 0.43 | 0.50 |
| context | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 27 | 19.25 | 14.74 | -0.48 | 19.25 | 0.35 | 0.51 | 0.00 | 0.11 |
| context | paper_box | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 27 | 8.72 | 6.80 | 2.38 | 8.39 | 0.87 | 0.92 | 0.55 | 0.60 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | all | CAMS | 18 | 15.09 | 12.00 | -7.68 | 12.99 | 0.74 | 0.61 | 0.22 | 0.08 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | all | Climatology | 18 | 16.47 | 11.88 | 3.15 | 16.16 | 0.51 | — | 0.15 | 0.00 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | all | GFS | 18 | 12.29 | 9.23 | 1.24 | 12.23 | 0.77 | 0.66 | 0.37 | 0.25 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | all | Persistence | 18 | 19.46 | 15.40 | 8.37 | 17.56 | 0.57 | 0.39 | 0.00 | -0.18 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | all | TCOscope | 18 | 14.37 | 10.44 | 4.55 | 13.63 | 0.70 | 0.55 | 0.26 | 0.13 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | CAMS | 16 | 15.57 | 12.48 | -9.37 | 12.44 | 0.77 | 0.68 | 0.13 | 0.09 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Climatology | 16 | 17.13 | 12.33 | 2.63 | 16.93 | 0.51 | — | 0.04 | 0.00 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | GFS | 16 | 11.84 | 8.59 | -0.17 | 11.84 | 0.80 | 0.72 | 0.34 | 0.31 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | Persistence | 16 | 17.82 | 14.20 | 6.38 | 16.63 | 0.60 | 0.46 | 0.00 | -0.04 |
| context | regional_context | Dobson | direct_sun | TCOscope | 16 | 13.30 | 9.25 | 2.70 | 13.02 | 0.75 | 0.64 | 0.25 | 0.22 |
| context | regional_context | OMI | all | CAMS | 27 | 16.24 | 12.59 | -4.23 | 15.68 | 0.57 | 0.72 | 0.30 | 0.29 |
| context | regional_context | OMI | all | Climatology | 27 | 22.74 | 18.11 | 7.25 | 21.55 | 0.11 | — | 0.02 | 0.00 |
| context | regional_context | OMI | all | GFS | 27 | 18.10 | 14.64 | 8.33 | 16.06 | 0.57 | 0.70 | 0.22 | 0.20 |
| context | regional_context | OMI | all | Persistence | 27 | 23.18 | 18.47 | 8.21 | 21.68 | 0.22 | 0.41 | 0.00 | -0.02 |
| context | regional_context | OMI | all | TCOscope | 27 | 15.38 | 12.63 | 7.92 | 13.19 | 0.67 | 0.80 | 0.34 | 0.32 |
| context | regional_context | OMPS | all | CAMS | 27 | 17.06 | 13.17 | -5.48 | 16.16 | 0.57 | 0.70 | 0.28 | 0.23 |
| context | regional_context | OMPS | all | Climatology | 27 | 22.15 | 17.52 | 4.98 | 21.58 | 0.13 | — | 0.06 | 0.00 |
| context | regional_context | OMPS | all | GFS | 27 | 17.61 | 14.19 | 6.63 | 16.31 | 0.57 | 0.69 | 0.25 | 0.21 |
| context | regional_context | OMPS | all | Persistence | 27 | 23.58 | 18.79 | 7.03 | 22.51 | 0.19 | 0.36 | 0.00 | -0.06 |
| context | regional_context | OMPS | all | TCOscope | 27 | 15.01 | 12.25 | 6.55 | 13.50 | 0.68 | 0.78 | 0.36 | 0.32 |
| context | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | CAMS | 27 | 15.24 | 12.64 | -11.46 | 10.05 | 0.83 | 0.87 | 0.21 | 0.23 |
| context | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | Climatology | 27 | 19.92 | 15.44 | -1.01 | 19.89 | 0.25 | — | -0.03 | 0.00 |
| context | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | GFS | 27 | 10.62 | 7.86 | 0.65 | 10.61 | 0.82 | 0.86 | 0.45 | 0.47 |
| context | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | Persistence | 27 | 19.31 | 14.83 | 1.05 | 19.28 | 0.39 | 0.48 | 0.00 | 0.03 |
| context | regional_context | TROPOMI | all | TCOscope | 27 | 9.00 | 6.78 | 0.58 | 8.98 | 0.86 | 0.89 | 0.53 | 0.55 |
CSV: metrics_by_period / metrics_by_lead — все scores; paired_cases — суммы для пересчёта; city_cases / station_cases — исходные совпадения; coverage — покрытие; geometry_cases — площади ниже 330 DU и минимумы; inter_sensor_metrics — расхождения приборов; protocol и manifests — параметры и происхождение.